Environmental ethics today

1. Overpopulation, markets, and human rights.

2. Energy, economics, and future generations.

3. Competing human-centered values.

4. Animal liberation and utilitarianism.

5. Animal rights and medical research.

6. Species diversity and Gaia.

7. The land ethic.

8. Human rights, agriculture, and biodiversity.

9. Ecofeminism and environmental justice.

10. Religion and nature.

11. Personal choices, consumerism, and human nature.

12. Public policies, efficiency, and globalization.

Final reflections: is optimism justified?